本集內容
Protecting seahorses 保護海馬的生態環境
學習要點
有關 “sea and boats（海洋與船隻）” 的詞匯
邊看邊答
What three elements seem to affect seahorses in Studland Bay?
文字稿
These underwater meadows of seagrass provide a vital habitat, teeming with wildlife.
這一片片水下的海草地提供瞭一個重要的棲息地，野生動植物生長繁盛。
And it’s where you can find the spiny seahorse. It’s a protected species and Studland Bay [UK] is a marine conservation zone.
這裡，你可以找到刺海馬。它是一個受保護的物種，而英國斯塔德蘭灣是一個海洋保護區。
But boats visiting this popular area off the Dorset coast can create problems.
然而，船隻造訪多塞特海岸附近的這一熱門地區會帶來一些問題。
Neil Garrick-Maidment, The Seahorse Trust
We’ve counted up to 450 boats here in one day. It’s the noise, the anchors, the general movement of everything seems to affect the seahorses. They’re very prone to stress. If they have a lot of stress, then they move back out to sea.
尼爾·加裡克-梅德門特 海馬信托基金會（The Seahorse Trust）
“我們在一天之內就統計到多達450艘船。問題在於噪音，拋錨起錨，任何物體的移動似乎都會影響到海馬。它們很容易感到壓力。如果壓力太大，海馬就會返回大海。”
The wildlife presenter Steve Backshall has dived here and says boat anchors and mooring chains can damage the seabed.
野生動植物節目主持人史蒂夫·巴克肖爾曾在這裡潛水，他說船錨和錨鏈會破壞海床。
Steve Backshall, naturalist
They completely destroy all the substrate around it, which means that all the seagrass dies. And it gets rid of that, that binding substrate, which then washes away as sand. And so, you just end up with these big barren circles around all the moorings. And within that nothing can live, and particularly not seahorses.
史蒂夫·巴克肖爾 自然愛好者
“它們會完全破壞海床周圍的所有基質，這意味著海草都會死亡。這一過程會帶走起粘合作用的基質，然後這些基質會以沙子的形式被沖走。到最後，拋錨停泊地點周圍會形成光禿禿的巨大圓圈。在這種條件下，沒有生命可以存活，尤其是海馬。”
So, here’s a solution. The Seahorse Trust is installing this environmentally friendly design. Instead of a chain, the mooring is attached to a fixed point in the seabed via a large elasticated rope that stretches with the tide and minimises damage.
有一個解決方法：海馬信托基金會正在安裝這種環保設計。船隻停泊的地方不接鏈條，而是通過一條大型彈性繩索連接到海床的固定點上，繩索隨潮水伸展，從而將損害降至最低。
And if beneficial, it will mean seafarers and seahorses can coexist successfully.
如果這方法能帶來好處，那麼將意味著海員可以與海馬和平共處。
詞匯
teeming with (life) 生機勃勃
mooring chains 錨鏈，系泊鏈
seabed 海床，海底
tide 潮水
seafarers 海員，航海者
問題答案
The seahorses seem to be affected by noise, anchors, and general movement.
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