Farming the sea for the future of food 發展海洋養殖業未來食物有水可依

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Are spiny sea urchins just seen as a pest?

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The sea could be the food bowl of the future. In Jervis Bay, south of Sydney, seaweed, which is rich in fibre and omega 3, is grown and harvested.

海洋可能是未來的糧倉。在悉尼南部的傑維斯灣，海藻，這種富含纖維和奧米茄-3脂肪酸的藻類植物被種植和收獲。

Pia Winberg is a marine scientist who runs Australia’s first food-grade farmed seaweed company. Her crop is grown alongside mussels and is used as an additive in pasta and other products.

皮婭·溫伯格是一位海洋科學傢，她經營澳大利亞第一傢食品級海藻養殖公司。她的海藻與貽貝一起被養殖，被用作意大利面食和其它食品的添加物。

Seaweed is also reared in large tanks, where it absorbs carbon dioxide waste from a wheat processing factory. The business is small, but could help to reduce the ecological footprint of traditional farming.

海藻也在大水箱中飼養，在水箱裡，海藻吸收來自一個小麥加工廠的二氧化碳廢物。這傢公司規模不大，卻可以幫助減少傳統養殖業產生的生態足跡。

Pia Winberg. Founder, PhycoHealth
If we used ten per cent of seaweed instead of wheat in breads and pastas, we’ve eliminated a million hectares of land, we’ve eliminated all of the carbon dioxide emissions associated with that, and we’ve also reduced the pressures on very precious fresh water.

皮婭·溫伯格 PhycoHealth 創始人
“如果我們在面包和意大利面食中使用10%的海藻，而不是小麥，就能省下100萬公頃的土地，消除所有與之相關的二氧化碳排放，同時，還能減少寶貴的淡水資源短缺的壓力。”

Spiny sea urchins are another blue economy resource. They can devastate marine habitats, but a recent competition for environmental start-ups in Australia, saw them not as a pest but a delicacy.

多刺海膽蟲是另一種藍色經濟資源。多刺海膽蟲可以破壞海洋棲息地，但在澳大利亞，近期一個為環保創業公司舉辦的比賽證明瞭多刺海膽不是有害動物，而是美味佳肴。

Aquaculture in Australia is dominated by the farming of salmon, tuna, and oysters. But researchers say the industry should be far, far bigger. Australia has the world’s third largest Exclusive Economic Zone, with access to vast areas of ocean.

澳大利亞的水產養殖業以鮭魚、金槍魚和牡蠣的養殖為主。但研究人員表示，這個產業的規模應該比現有的大得多。澳大利亞擁有世界第三大專屬經濟區，坐擁廣闊的海域。

Martina Doblin, CEO Sydney Institute of Marine Science
By 2050 we will have some ten billion people on the planet, and about half the food they eat will come from the ocean. So, we really do need to pay attention to the way that we manage the blue economy – generating wealth from the ocean but in a sustainable way.

瑪蒂娜·多佈林悉尼海洋科學研究所首席執行官
“到2050年，地球上將有大約100億人口，人們所吃的食物有一半將來自海洋。所以，我們確實需要關註管理藍色經濟的方式，如何從海洋中創造財富，但要以可持續的方式去做。”

Farming at sea has its challenges. Infrastructure has to be robust, as do supply chains and biosecurity. But get these things right, and the ocean might just be the next great economic frontier.

海上農業也有它自身的挑戰。基礎設施必須健全，供應鏈和生物安全也必須如此。但如果這些事情都做對瞭，海洋可能就會成為下一個重要的經濟領域。