內容簡介
公園裡的 “小涼亭” 用英語怎麼說?一位聽眾就發來瞭與此有關的問題:單詞 “gazebo”、“pavilion”、“pagoda”、“pergola” 和 “arbour” 分別指什麼樣的建築?聽節目,跟主持人 Beth 和步理學習五個表示 “亭臺樓閣” 的單詞。
文字稿
(關於臺詞的備註: 請註意這不是廣播節目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒有體現錄制、編輯過程中對節目做出的改變。)
Beth
Hello and welcome to Question and Answer of the Week. I’m Beth.
Buli
And I’m Buli. 本期的 “你問我答” 節目中,我們要來回答一個和 “亭臺樓閣” 有關的問題。
Question
I would like to distinguish the nuance between ‘gazebo’, ‘pavilion’, ‘pagoda’, ‘pergola’ and ‘arbour’. They are confusing in definition. Thank you.
Beth
Lots of words there! And they all refer to some kind of structure, but they are all a bit different from each other.
Buli
本期節目中提到瞭不少和建築結構相關的名詞,而且這些單詞所指代的結構的確有些相似。所以,接下來我們將為大傢講解這五個詞在英語中比較常見的意思。比如,“gazebo”。
Beth
A ‘gazebo’ is a temporary structure, often resembling a tent or marquee, that is used for events like weddings where guests can eat and enjoy a leisurely time while being sheltered from the weather.
Buli
“Gazebo” 這個詞可以翻譯為 “亭子” 或 “帳篷” 等,它指的是 “像涼亭一樣有屋頂但沒有墻壁的獨立建築物”,通常有遮蔭避雨或者戶外裝飾的作用,既可以是臨時的,也可以是固定的。在英國,“gazebo” 也常指 “為婚禮或活動搭建的臨時帳篷”。來聽一組例句。
Examples
We’re having a gazebo at the wedding. That’s where everyone will eat and where the first dance will be.
(我們會在婚禮上搭一個帳篷。所有人都會在帳篷裡用餐,在婚禮上跳第一支舞的環節也會在帳篷裡進行。)
Shall we buy a gazebo for the garden? It would be nice to have somewhere to sit and relax this summer.
(我們要不要買一個涼亭放在花園裡?這個夏天能有個地方坐著休息放松就好瞭。)
Beth
Let’s look at ‘pavilion’. This can also be a tent-like structure, but it tends to be larger than a gazebo, and they are often erected in parks or at fairs.
Buli
是的。“Pavilion” 和 “gazebo” 一樣,都是開放或半開放式的建築,有 “為大型活動搭建的大帳篷或者場館” 的意思,通常具有更多的功能。在英國,“pavilion” 還可以指 “板球(cricket)比賽場地旁邊的選手席或看臺”。一起來聽下面的例句。
Examples
Let’s sit in the pavilion because it has the best view of the players.
(我們坐到看臺上吧,因為從那裡觀看選手比賽的視野最好。)
We’re going to the fair, and I heard there’s a cake competition happening in the pavilion. Let’s go.
(我們要去遊園會玩,我聽說遊園會的大帳篷裡正在舉辦一場蛋糕大賽。走吧!)
Beth
A ‘pagoda’ is a tall religious building that has a lot of levels to its roof, which is usually curved and decorated.
Buli
“Pagoda” 這種建築和以上的兩種非常不同,它的意思是 “佛塔”,特別是亞洲文化中常以木材建造、以雕刻裝飾的佛塔。來聽一組例句。
Examples
On our holiday to Thailand, we went to a pagoda. The detail of the building was so beautiful.
(我們去泰國度假時參觀瞭一座佛塔。那座塔的裝飾細節真是太美瞭。)
I love seeing the pagodas in Japan because they are such a cultural icon of the country.
(我特別喜歡看日本的塔,因為這些塔是日本的文化象征。)
Buli
問題中提到的其它兩種建築結構,“pergola(藤架,綠廊)” 和 “arbour(花架,涼棚)” 都是在花園中常見的建築物。
Beth
That’s right. ‘Pergolas’ are structures you can sit under that can be attached to the back of the house, like a canopy that provides an extra living space.
Buli
“Pergola” 常常指的是 “庭院中用於遮陽的綠廊或通道”。與 “gazebo” 和 “pavilion” 不同,“pergola” 通常不具備遮風擋雨的功能,但可以作為玩耍或用餐的地方。來聽一組例句。
Examples
Let’s build a pergola in the back garden. Then we can have barbecues there in the summer.
(咱們在後花園裡搭一個藤架吧。這樣夏天的時候我們就能在那吃燒烤瞭。)
I’d love a pergola so that I can sit outside but not in direct sunlight.
(我想要一個綠廊,這樣我就能坐在戶外,還不會被陽光直曬。)
Beth
An ‘arbour’ is a smaller and more intimate structure that can be covered in climbing plants and that people can walk through. It’s common to see them in gardens that the public can use, as well as private gardens.
Buli
是的。“Arbour” 常指 “花園中的涼棚或花架”,具有一定的私密性,通常可以供人們在一個有屋頂的地方歇息。來聽兩個例句。
Examples
As we walked through the gardens of the stately home, we admired the roses covering the arbours.
(我們穿過這處大莊園的花園時觀賞瞭滿花架的玫瑰。)
She’s been reading outside in the arbour for hours.
(她在外面的小涼棚裡看書看瞭好幾個小時瞭。)
Buli
最後,讓我們來總結一下本期節目中幾個不同的建築結構。“Gazebo” 的意思是 “獨立的小涼亭或者小帳篷”;“pavilion” 是 “為大型活動搭建的大帳篷或半開放場館” 或者 “板球等體育運動現場的看臺”;“pagoda” 是 “木質的、雕刻有裝飾的佛塔”;而 “pergola” 和 “arbour” 分別指的是 “藤架,綠廊” 和 “花架,涼棚”,都是在花園中常見的建築。
Beth
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